The origin of the name Saint-Savournin
The name Saint-Savournin originates from its first church, once called Sanctus Saturninus. It is said to have been built on the ruins of an ancient temple dedicated to the god Saturn. Over time, the name evolved into what we know today, particularly after theOrdinance of Villers-Cotterêts in 1539, which imposed the use of French in official documents.
The village’s coat of arms also reflects its identity: it features a tree, the symbol of a densely wooded area, accompanied by two letters “S”, a reminder of its name.
From ancient traces to a medieval village
Saint-Savournin has been occupied for a very long time. Traces of Neolithic dwellings have been discovered around the Castellas, while a number of Gallo-Roman remains bear witness to an ancient presence: tombs, the remains of a Roman cemetery and even a Roman road linking Auriol to Gardanne, passing through the village.
In the Middle Ages, Saint-Savournin was a small farming village known as Castellum Sancti Saturnini. Life there revolved mainly around livestock farming (goats and sheep) and cultivation, particularly of olive trees.
Over the centuries, the commune changed owners several times, before being marked by important families such as the de Villiers family and Countess Jacops d’Aigremont, who contributed to its development.
A mining past at the heart of local history
Saint-Savournin is part of the Provence coalfield, an area wherecoal has been mined for several centuries. The first quarries and mines appeared in the 16th century, but it was not until the 19th century that lignite was really exploited to supply local industries such as tile works, cement works, soap factories and refineries.
Lignite mining expanded rapidly in the 19th and early 20th centuries, with the creation of a large number of wells, some several hundred metres deep. The largest of these was the 600-metre Germain shaft, opened in 1927 and closed in 1961.
The coal was first transported by mule to Marseille, before thearrival of the train in the 19th century, which facilitated its transport. This activity had a profound impact on the landscape and history of Saint-Savournin, until the mines were gradually closed down in the 20th century.